'In the current economic climate, what are the biggest challenges and Essay

'In the current financial atmosphere, what are the greatest difficulties and greatest open doors confronting new administrators entering indus - Essay Example Discovering extraordinary procedure There are numerous advancements, as aftereffects of arriving at certain upper hand so as to be on the opposition, particularly since the current monetary atmosphere requests key players to do the correct move so as to endure the extreme and testing times. The test along these lines is to think about a system that is something new or as another way, one that is one of a kind and difficult to imitate so as to accomplish a profoundly feasible upper hand. As indicated by Porter, the best way to guarantee an economical upper hand with respect to an association is to utilize methodologies that are one of a kind or difficult to exceed (Porter, 1990). The current monetary atmosphere for example permits the cell phone makers to start procedures that are far superior than the other. Be that as it may, basic to their predominant techniques is to concocted new advancements every now and then, prompting going head to head the old item patterns or models. This g ives the open door for customers to turn out to be increasingly complex and search for what could profit them without limit, including the chance to discover at the best cost at their bit of leeway coming about to a solid market power that is sufficient for them to have amazing bartering power. Then again, this may challenge the contending organizations to search for an increasingly doable methodology that en route will be able to address both the issues of the objective buyers and the organization. Finding for the best asset Considering the point that the current financial atmosphere would mean finding the accessible or best assets so as to ensure ceaseless activity, the other test for most chiefs in different associations is finding the pertinent assets connected to their real activity. This is apparent to many redistributing exercises started by significant worldwide organizations (Cornejo, 2009). The instance of call communities for example is an ideal indication that numerous o rganizations are utilizing outsiders so as to limit their expense and assurance benefit on the procedure. Not just that. Redistributing human asset is demonstrated compelling particularly if associations should utilize human asset with related low work cost. This is apparent how global organizations like call communities re-appropriated or initiated their activity in creating nations like in Asia where they could save money on their real operational expense. China for example is an astounding nation with accessible assets particularly the human asset that could be tapped to ensure higher productivity. The test then again is that there is on-going rivalry for dispensing the best asset, which implies singular organizations should contend in this perspective, the most difficult way possible, realizing that having restricted assets isn't a long way from the difficulty with the current monetary atmosphere. Open door for imagination Despite the related test in finding a practical upper ha nd through having interesting procedure that is difficult to imitate or duplicate, chiefs will have the chance to be as innovative as conceivable in this angle to start their objectives (Chaston, 2012). They will have the chance to go past the breaking point, and consider potential outcomes that are not yet acknowledged in the current set up of the predominant monetary atmosphere. Think about the purpose of the profoundly separated contributions for portable correspondence devices and the noteworthy overhaul from

User Interface Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

UI - Case Study Example The exchange box will conceal when a client presses any of the two catches. 1. The rundown of Portfolio Manager, Stock, and Trader Name will be populated progressively through recovering the information from a database (for example MS Access), spreadsheets (for example MS Excel), or straightforward content documents, and the client will choose the ideal thing starting from the drop list instead of composing. The clients may likewise be permitted to include, alter, or erase the things of the drop-down records. 3. A numeric all over control will be utilized rather than content field for the ‘Quantity’ input. This will permit the application to confine the client to enter just numeric sources of info and inside the predetermined range. 1. The rundown of Stock will be populated progressively through recovering the information from a database (for example MS Access), spreadsheets (for example MS Excel), or straightforward content records, and the client will choose the ideal thing starting from the drop list as opposed to composing. The clients may likewise be permitted to include, alter, or erase the things of the drop-down

Panic Disorder and Anxiety in Teens

Panic Disorder and Anxiety in Teens Panic Disorder Diagnosis Print Panic Disorder and Anxiety in Teens By Katharina Star, PhD facebook linkedin Katharina Star, PhD, is an expert on anxiety and panic disorder. Dr. Star is a professional counselor, and she is trained in creative art therapies and mindfulness. Learn about our editorial policy Katharina Star, PhD Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on August 05, 2016 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on September 10, 2019 Commercial Eye/Getty Images More in Panic Disorder Diagnosis Symptoms Treatment Coping Related Conditions Panic disorder is an anxiety disorder that typically onsets in late adolescence or early adulthood. Although panic disorder often begins between the ages of 15 and 35, its still possible to develop this condition in childhood or early adolescence. Panic Disorder and Teens The symptoms of panic disorder in teenagers are very similar to the experiences of adult sufferers. The main symptom of panic disorder is the experience of recurrent panic attacks. These attacks often occur unexpectedly and are marked by extreme fear, nervousness, and apprehension. Panic attacks are usually felt through a mix of physical, mental, and emotional symptoms. These attacks typically occur out-of-the-blue and are accompanied by four or more of the following symptoms: Accelerated heart rateExcessive sweatingTrembling or shakingShortness of breathFeeling of chokingChest painNausea or abdominal painFeeling dizzy, unsteady, lightheaded, or faintDerealization or depersonalizationFear of losing control or going crazyFear of dyingFeelings of numbness or tingling sensationsChills or hot flushes Panic attacks can vary in terms of symptoms, intensity, and duration. Most last for only a brief period of time, reaching a peak within 10 minutes. But a panic attack can continue to affect a teenager long after it has ended, causing heightened nervousness and anxiety hours after the attack has subsided. Experiencing a panic attack can be a frightening experience for a teenager. Similar to adults with panic disorder, teens that experience panic attacks are susceptible to developing avoidance behaviors. When this occurs, the teen begins to stay away from situations, places, and events that he believes may trigger a panic attack. He may, for example, start to avoid crowdsâ€"such as at school assemblies or the cafeteria. He may also become fearful in cars or other forms of transportation, and feel afraid to leave places deemed safe, such as the home. Put an End to Panic-Related Avoidance Repeatedly avoiding situations that may trigger panic attacks is a condition known as agoraphobia. Although more likely to occur in adulthood, agoraphobia can develop during adolescence. About one-third of those with panic disorder will also experience agoraphobia. This condition can potentially become debilitating, causing a teen to be homebound with agoraphobia. Treatment Options If left untreated, panic disorder can negatively affect a teenager’s life and potentially lead to problems with school, relationships, and self-esteem. Only a doctor or qualified professional can diagnose a teen with panic disorder. A doctor can also rule out possible medical causes for the panic attacks and determine if any co-occurring conditions exist, such as depression. Fortunately, safe and effective treatment options are available to help teens with panic disorder. Some of the most common treatment options include psychotherapy, medications, and self-help strategies. Treatment outcomes are often best when utilizing a combination of these options and following through with treatment recommendations. Through psychotherapy, a teen can meet with a professional who treats panic disorder to work through deep emotions and develop coping strategies. Different types of psychotherapy may be availableâ€"the most common being cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), which is centered on helping the teen develop healthier ways of thinking and behaving. Find Help With the 7 Best Online Anxiety Support Groups Family psychotherapy may be necessary to assist in building supportive relationships between the teen and the rest of the family. Group therapy may also be available, in which the teen will be able to work through issues alongside peers who are also struggling with similar problems. A Word From VeryWell Panic disorder can be experienced on and off throughout one’s lifespan. For instance, a teenager may have frequent and unexpected panic attacks for several months, followed by many years without any symptoms. Regardless of whether panic disorder is experienced for a short period of time or throughout one’s life, it doesnt have to be unmanageable. The sooner a teenager gets the help he/she needs, the quicker he/she will be on the road to recovery.

A Story About a Middle Aged Man, The Sportswriter by...

The sportswriter is a 1986 novel written by Richard Ford. The book revolves around a middle-aged man, Frank Bascombe, who shares his life problems through out the chapters. Among the many issues that Bascombe faced, divorce seems to come across as the main one as it has changed his life completely. Frank Bascombe seems that he is not able to move on from his ex, as he shows signs of regret and loneliness through out the book. Richard Ford begins the book with an introduction to Bascombe life but immediately shifts to the divorce and how it all happened. â€Å"It was stated in court by X’s sleaze-ball lawyer, Alan, that my travel was the cause of our trouble, especially after Ralph died. And though that isn’t technically true-it was a legal†¦show more content†¦I might not choose to get divorced† (Frank 4). And to insure that he regrets it he said â€Å" how could I ever loved her and let her go† when he talked about how beautiful she was (Frank11). Not only that he once tried to spend the night at X’s â€Å"Last night I hoped to stay for a drink, see the kids to bed, yak with X for half an hour, then end up, possibly, spending the night on the couch, something I hadn’t done in sometime (not, in fact, since I met Vicki) but felt fierce urge to do suddenly† (Frank 106) which shows his urge to relive the past. Within his present Frank blames anything negative on the divorce. He feels constant loneliness and he thinks that him being a divorced man plays a big role â€Å"Most people feel they have to make a choice and it is always easier to choose the wife, which is what my neighbors and friends mostly done† (Frank5). This led him to join a divorced men club because he thought he would be able to relate to other people in it, even though he didn’t care if they got along â€Å"†¦ there have been times when I couldn’t wait to get away and promised my self never to come back. But given our characters, I believe this is the most in friendship any of us can hope for. In any case the suburbs are not a place where friendships flourish. And even though I cannot say we like each other, I definitely can say that we don’t dislike each other, †¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Frank 79). InShow MoreRelatedInnovators Dna84615 Words   |  339 Pagesimpactful— if you can change your behaviors to improve your creative impact. In e Innovator’s DNA, authors Je Dyer, Hal Gregersen, and bestselling author Clayton M. Christensen ( e Innovator’s Dilemma, e Innovator’s Solution) build on what we know about disruptive innovation to show how individuals can develop the skills necessary to move progressively from idea to impact. By identifying behaviors of the world’s best innovators—from leaders at Amazon and Apple to those at Google, Skype, and

Jane Austens Writing Style Essay - 565 Words

Jane Austens writing style is a mix of neoclassicism and romanticism. Austen created a transition into Romanticism which encourages passion and imagination in writing instead of a strict and stale writing style. It is very emotional and follows a flowing not structured form. Mixing these two styles was one of Austens strongest talents, which gave her an edge in the literary world. No other author in her time was able to create such a strong transition between writing styles. Austen used her sharp and sarcastic wit in all of her writing including in one of her most famous works; Pride and Prejudice. She could create a powerful and dramatic scene and immediately lead it into a satirical cathartic scene. We see these in various†¦show more content†¦Austen added a romantic touch when it came to her characters dialogues which were able to range from sharp and witty to poetic and emotional. Her characters’ words and actions created a vivid picture of each person and each event to engage the reader into the novel. She focuses on the beauty of a conversation and allows it to display the development and progress of each main character in her novels. Her style is unique, yet recognizable. She opened the door for new authors and exposed people to a new way of life. Pride and Prejudice is a novel unlike any other, it pushes the limits on what an 18th century society would be exposed to. Jane Austen’s work ultimately marked the transition in English literature from neo-classicism to romanticism. Jane Austen is limitless; she wrote about the beauty of ordinary people and their ordinary lives and allowed that to carry her story forward. She accepted that society was flawed but basks in the glory of it. She recognized that the beauty in people and in society is not found in perfection but in the imperfection of them. Austin also recognized the hypocrisy and stupidity that was present in the game of marriage but she also seemed to recognize the true value of it. She wrote what she knew, but most important sheShow MoreRelatedJane Austen Critical Analysis1220 Words   |  5 Pageschooses to focus on in their writing can be the factor that outlines the difference between the two. An author’s style outlines the differences that set them apart from other authors. Writing style is also what defines the author and characterizes their writing. Style often remains unchanged and reflects a writer’s beliefs which are often displayed through their work’s content or theme. In the case of Jane Austen, an eighteenth-nineteenth century novelist, writing style and theme are two things sheRead MoreEssay on Jane Austen Novels: Success After Death1679 Words   |  7 PagesJane Austen Novels: Success after Death Chuck Leddy, a notable critic, stated Upon her death in 1817, English novelist Jane Austen was completely unknown in the literary world. Why would someone as brilliant as Jane Austen not be world known? By 1817, Austen had already published one of her masterpieces Sense and Sensibility, and it seemed to not bring in as much success as it would later on in life. But the dry spell would eventually end. Two hundred years after Jane Austens death, her booksRead MoreHow Jane Austen Became a Great Author Essay804 Words   |  4 PagesJane Austen is known for many of her great literature works. She has written six novels including Pride and Prejudice and Emma. When publishing her first four novels, Austen published them anonymously. Austen’s novels were extremely popular while she was living but became increasingly more popular after her death. Jane Austen’s unique style of writing was picked up on by nineteenth-century authors and used in their works (Steinbach). On December 16th, 1775, an author by the name of Jane Austen wasRead MoreJane Austens Influence on Literature: Pride and Prejudice1216 Words   |  5 Pagestoday Jane Austen is regarded for her writing, during her time she couldn’t even publish her work under her own name, because it was considered unladylike for women to be intellectual figures. Unlike J. K. Rowling and other English female writers today, who are well known for their works even without using their full names, Jane Austen lived within the sanctuary of a close-knit family and always published her works under a pseudonym that could not be traced back to her (jasna.org). Writing at theRead MoreJane Austen’s Novel Pride and Prejudice Essay874 Words   |  4 Pagestheme of an advantageous marriage for the English novelist, Jane Austen. Her realism, biting irony and social commentary have gained her historical importance among scholars and critics (Southam). Austen’s major novels, including Pride and Prejudice, were composed between the years 1795-1815. During those twenty years England was at the height of its power facing many historical landmarks (Thomson). It is no coincidence that Jane Austen’s novel, Pride and Prejudice, coincides directly with the historicalRead MorePride and Prejudice Values Juxtaposed Letters to Alice1228 Words   |  5 Pagesand rank. Within the text there are many instances that show these contradictions of beliefs, of society and Austen. Charlotte portrays the belief that â€Å"happiness in marriage is entirely a matter of chance† this exemplifies the perspective of Austen’s time that one should marry solely for financial gain and standing. Elizabeth, the main character, refuses two marriage offers in the text even when considering her family could well have been without a home if Mr Bennet was to pass away. She stillRead MoreThe Jane Austen789 Words   |  3 Pages Jane Austen was born in Hampshire, England on December 16, 1775. Her father was Reverend George Austen and her mother was Cassandra Leigh Austen. Jane was the youngest daughter of a large, close family. She had six brothers and one sister. She was especially close to her sister and brother, Cassandra and Henry. When Jane was eight, she and her sister were sent to Oxford and then Southampton. Because of an outbreak of typhus, a bacterial disease spread by lice or fleas, Jane nearly died. After thisRead MoreSense and Sensibility by Jane Aust en1151 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"The more I know of the world, the more I am convinced that I shall never see a man whom I can really love† (Austen 11). This quote in Jane Austen’s novel Sense and Sensibility highlights the main conflict in the novel. Also, it describes how Elinor Dashwood, the main character of the novel feels about love. In this novel social class is important because most of the characters belong to upper-class families. Since there are conflicts with love and social class is of importance in the novel, twoRead MoreJane Austen s Sense And Sensibility983 Words   |  4 PagesJane Austen’s Sense and Sensibility takes a critical look at the limitations women possessed at the turn of the eighteenth century. Consequently, the success of a woman was entirely dependent on a man. In the novel, the main protagonists represent these two persuasions of thought. Elenor Dashwood, the eldest daughter in the Dashwood household, portrays sense. In contra st, her younger sister, Marianne Dashwood represents sensibility. The dichotomy of the title carries historical significance in aRead MoreJane Austen s Pride And Prejudice1142 Words   |  5 PagesPride and Prejudice: Feminist Origins Jane Austen wrote Pride and Prejudice in 1813, and it is seen as an important novel. Jane Austen grew up in a patriarchal society, with a father being a clergyman. Austen went against the normal for girls and rejected the man that proposed to her. She then began to write in a woman’s perspective. By using the feminist lens to analyze Jane Austen’s Pride and Prejudice, readers can realize how Austen used the characters in her novel to portray feminism, which at

United Kingdom and British Professionals Free Essays

Developed country with a population that can afford to buy this soap 5. High Population, it is good for the soap business because they can reach a larger portion of the population 6.Both the upper social strata Brazilian politicians, business elite, middle working class, or lower manual workers, they go out to work, entertainment or leisure time, is bound to go take a shower, dress up. We will write a custom essay sample on United Kingdom and British Professionals or any similar topic only for you Order Now 7. It is Brazil’s indigenous welcome etiquette. When the guests arrived, the owner must be the first thing to do is to invite guests burglary bath. The longer guests shower, it means the more respected master. Sometimes, the owner will accompany guests a bath. Both sides while taking a bath conversation seemed everyone intimacy. Although similarities are bound to exist between cultures, the professional conduct of China and the UK do also differ. For example, in China, one often greets the other with a nod or slight bow. Such behaviour is not usually found when interacting with British professionals. Instead, British professionals usually greet each other with a firm hand shake and eye contact – behaviours that are often toned down in China. In a business environment, Chinese professionals usually address each other only by their family name and their professional title, such as Director Chen or Chairman Wu. Because formality is a sign of respect, using someone’s given name is usually avoided; and Chinese professionals tend to clarify how to address their counterparts very early in the meeting. Like China, British professionals also introduce themselves with the same level of formality, and they usually wait to use the first names until the counterpart has used yours or asked to call them by their first name. Where the two countries differ is that British business etiquette is generally more informal and first names are often used right away. With that said, in correspondence, you should begin formally when addressing your correspondent and only switch to an informal manner when your correspondent does so. When addressing a female professional, if you are uncertain about their marital status, it is best to address her as ‘Ms. ’ – married women also use this title at times. Important to remember that there is no excuse for not using a spell check – and make sure it is set to British English (this is not usually the default in Microsoft Office packages so have a check). When in a professional meeting, the value of punctuality is of as much importance in the UK as it is in China. You should always arrive for a meeting on time or five minutes ahead of schedule. However, if you find yourself delayed, do telephone and provide an estimated time of arrival. In China, it is often assumed that the first person that enters the room is the head of the group or the person of most senior position. By comparison, this isn’t always the case in the UK and you will need to look for clues, for example they are shown to their chair. Like China, the objectives of a meeting should be indicated ahead of time in the UK, and the participants of a meeting will expect that if a meeting is scheduled for one hour, it will last one hour. The two countries also commonly like to begin the meeting with small talk, although British meetings will then swiftly move to the topics at hand. In both China and the UK, business cards are exchanged between the parties meeting. However, where the two countries differ is that while in China, the business cards are exchanged at the beginning of the meeting in the UK they are exchanged at the end. Not everyone has business cards or carries them, so if someone fails to produce one, don’t take it personally. Remember, when you reserve a place to attend an event, should you find you cannot attend, you should inform the organizer. Not only is this polite for the organizer, but it also may mean that someone else could take your place that otherwise may not have been able to attend if there are limited places available! How to cite United Kingdom and British Professionals, Papers United Kingdom and British Professionals Free Essays Developed country with a population that can afford to buy this soap 5. High Population, it is good for the soap business because they can reach a larger portion of the population 6ï ¼Å½Both the upper social strata Brazilian politicians, business elite, middle working class, or lower manual workers, they go out to work, entertainment or leisure time, is bound to go take a shower, dress upï ¼Å½ It is Brazil’s indigenous welcome etiquette. When the guests arrived, the owner must be the first thing to do is to invite guests burglary bath. We will write a custom essay sample on United Kingdom and British Professionals or any similar topic only for you Order Now The longer guests shower, it means the more respected master. Sometimes, the owner will accompany guests a bath. Both sides while taking a bath conversation seemed everyone intimacy. Although similarities are bound to exist between cultures, the professional conduct of China and the UK do also differ. For example, in China, one often greets the other with a nod or slight bow. Such behaviour is not usually found when interacting with British professionals. Instead, British professionals usually greet each other with a firm hand shake and eye contact – behaviours that are often toned down in China. In a business environment, Chinese professionals usually address each other only by their family name and their professional title, such as Director Chen or Chairman Wu. Because formality is a sign of respect, using someone’s given name is usually avoided; and Chinese professionals tend to clarify how to address their counterparts very early in the meeting. Like China, British professionals also introduce themselves with the same level of formality, and they usually wait to use the first names until the counterpart has used yours or asked to call them by their first name. Where the two countries differ is that British business etiquette is generally more informal and first names are often used right away. With that said, in correspondence, you should begin formally when addressing your correspondent and only switch to an informal manner when your correspondent does so. When addressing a female professional, if you are uncertain about their marital status, it is best to address her as ‘Ms.’ – married women also use this title at times. Important to remember that there is no excuse for not using a spell check – and make sure it is set to British English (this is not usually the default in Microsoft Office packages so have a check). When in a professional meeting, the value of punctuality is of as much importance in the UK as it is in China. You should always arrive for a meeting on time or five minutes ahead of schedule. However, if you find yourself delayed, do telephone and provide an estimated time of arrival. In China, it is often assumed that the first person that enters the room is the head of the group or the person of most senior position. By comparison, this isn’t always the case in the UK and you will need to look for clues, for example they are shown to their chair. Like China, the objectives of a meeting should be indicated ahead of time in the UK, and the participants of a meeting will expect that if a meeting is scheduled for one hour, it will last one hour. The two countries also commonly like to begin the meeting with small talk, although British meetings will then swiftly move to the topics at hand. In both China and the UK, business cards are exchanged between the parties meeting. However, where the two countries differ is that while in China, the business cards are exchanged at the beginning of the meeting in the UK they are exchanged at the end. Not everyone has business cards or carries them, so if someone fails to produce one, don’t take it personally. Remember, when you reserve a place to attend an event, should you find you cannot attend, you should inform the organizer. Not only is this polite for the organizer,  but it also may mean that someone else could take your place that otherwise may not have been able to attend if there are limited places available! How to cite United Kingdom and British Professionals, Papers

Strategy of Lenovo in Chinese Market

Question: Use the theory relating to adaptation, aggregation and arbitrage to explain the success of Lenovo/Motorola in India. Answer: Introduction This report is basically for developing the strategies for Lenovo Organization in Chinese market and finding the strategies which Lenovo has adopted for India for getting success. Here, it is discussed about the strategies of AAA that is adopted in India and should also be adopted by Lenovo in Chinese market. Lenovo Organization in India For discussing the reason of success of Lenovo organization in India, we will relate it with the three theories, Adaptation, Aggregation, and Arbitrage. Adaptation Lenovo modifies its products according to the need and requirement of the time. Lenovo provides a wide range of services and facilities in their products. If we discuss about selling of the Lenovo products in initial stage, it started with providing the 16 GB hard disks with only 256 MB RAM which was enough at that time. But according to the requirements of present time, it sells laptops even of 2TB hard disk and up to 16 GB RAM. In the other adaptation theory of Focus, Lenovo mainly focused on the selling of laptops and somewhat on tablets, in India, which resulted in a great success for Lenovo laptops in the Indian market. Lenovos laptops are available in the market at affordable price. It provides quality at less cost according to the needs and requirements of the customers. Lenovo provides outstanding design and a professional look to the user. Lenovo also innovates various features in their laptops (Mathur, 2012). The examples of these are the detachable laptops which can be use d as both Tablets and Laptops. Aggregation Lenovo follows the strategy that it works in both developed and developing market in India. For developed market, the company used to make strategies to stay in the developed market while for developing market, the company tries to establish and promote its product; like Mumbai is the developed market for Lenovo where it maintains the quality of product and innovates new feature to stabilise its performance while Jaipur is a developing market where they try to know the peoples need and requirement and accordingly launches its product in the market. The company also used to develop strategies to stay in this competitive market. Currently, the main competitor of Lenovo is Dell in the Indian market. Lenovo had worked well in Indian market and ranked itself ahead from HP, Samsung etc. in laptop market. For competing in the market, Lenovo produces reliable products with high quality and features at relatively low price (Heinecke, 2011). Arbitrage For providing best quality and services at affordable price, Lenovo used to outsource some products and services from other sources; like, for operating system, Lenovo doesnt prepare its own operating system but it makes a contract with Microsoft or Linux for the operating system, to improve user experience. The other example of outsourcing for Indian market is the contract of ReasonNet. Lenovo ReasonNet provides its best IT services to Lenovo for various purposes but most of the hardware components are manufactured by Lenovo itself for Laptops (Lenovo, 2009). Here there and everywhere campaign of Lenovo is making the best offshoring source to Lenovo (economist, 2013). Strategy for Lenovo in Chinese Market The AAA strategies that should be followed by Lenovo in the Chinese market are as follows: Adaptation Adaptation strategy of Lenovo should include that Lenovo should have its design centre, manufacturing units and marketing centres in China. Lenovo needs to innovate various new features in their products and try to develop more reliable and best quality products for China. Lenovo should adopt the new technology available in the market. It should maintain its own supply chain unit by itself to stabilize in the Chinese Market (Jing, 2011). Aggregation Aggregation strategy of Lenovo should include the strategy of first focusing on the metro cities of the China. The targeting of market should include the proper research on market like current needs and requirements of the new technologies which can help Chinese market effectively and efficiently (Ghemawat, 2007). The company should also do some special preparation for the Chinese market competition. Arbitrage The company should outsource Chinese operating system for the Chinese market. The company should develop the products according to the culture of China and should provide various attractive offers in the festival seasons. Hence, these strategies can be used to compete in the market of China. Relevance of the Strategies Most probably, the above strategies works in Chinese market. If we consider the described adaptive strategies, Chinese market is proved as best manufacturing unit for the Electronics items. People of China have the outstanding capability towards the electronics, Chinese market develops various Electronics products. There is very high level of competition in the Chinese market in Electronics. Thus, Lenovo should innovate new features for their products. Managing own supple chain in Chinese market may reduce various costs for Lenovo (OECD, 2011). Again, if we talk about the described Aggregation strategies, Chinese market already has lot of facilities available in the electronics market. Thus, for stabilising in the Chinese market the companies need to deeply go through the requirements of the market and find various solutions in the electronics field which can help the Chinese people in accomplishing the various tasks. If the company is able to find those facilities that can be innovated to help in Chinese market then that will help the company in making its reputation in Chinese market (Deutsch Asset Wealth management 2014). Chinese people are very conscious about their culture. Thus, adopting a Chinese operating system which can work in Chinese language can be a great idea for stabilising in Chinese market. Due to cultural consciousness for the Chinese people, Lenovo should mainly consider that there products should not hurt the culture of Chinese People. Conclusion Chinese market is a hub of electronics items or it can be said a great source of electronics items. Thus, it is very necessary to develop various strategies to stabilise as well as to retain its position in the Chinese market very carefully. Thus, Lenovo needs to develop and innovate new features in their products and should go through the Chinese market deeply. References 1. Mathur, Sameer (2012). Global Value Creation: Adaptation, Aggregation and Arbitrage. 2. Economist (2013). Here There and everywhere. 3. Lenovo (2009). An Excellent reason to think about outsourcing. 4. Heinecke, P. (2011). Success factors of Regional strategies for multinational Corporations, 3 (12) p. 15- 60. 5. Jing, Wang (2011). Global Strategies Of Chinese Companies. 6. Ghemawat, Pankaj (2007). Managing Differences, The central challenge of global strategy. 7. OECD (2011). Chinas Emergence as a Market Economy Achievements and challenges. 8. Deutsche Asset Wealth Management (2014). Understanding and accessing the Chinese Equity market.

The significance of early cinema for our study of the history of the cinema

The field of cinema is made up of some media which include; motion pictures, film and movies.The history of cinema, also known as film, traces back to over one hundred years ago from the beginning of the 19th century to date.Advertising We will write a custom term paper sample on The significance of early cinema for our study of the history of the cinema specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The cinema has been its development from its abstract form and today it is the most important means of communication. Since its innovation, motion pictures have a huge impact on arts, technology and politics. This paper discusses the significance of early cinema for our study of the history of the cinema. In cinema development, the most significant endeavor has been to recreate and present reality through various artistic means which have been developed in line with cinema technology. In art history, we get to learn that cinema was not invented ove rnight and thus, it is a product of a gradual accumulation of insight and the technology which was available at different times. The early cinema evaluation in cinema history takes the learner through the pioneering work of many people who inspired Auguste and Louis Lumià ¨re to come up with a Cinà ©matographe system, which presented moving pictures in 28 December 1895. Cinema historians has it that there were many inventions which preceded Cinà ©matographe such as the moving image projections and shadow plays, which traces their origin in Java and India thousand years ago. These included creating a silhouette by manipulating some leather puppets using rods and placed beyond a translucent material. The technology of shadow plays has been adopted, effected and fitted into today’s cinema and are being used. After this technology of shadows; there was the invention of the magic lantern which was made from a box, a candle which could be enclosed inside and a drawn image. From this invention, there was still the element of projection which is still in use today. The magic lanterns became more prevalent in the 19th century and they came with sophistication as they deployed a number of lenses. This technology became very popular and the lanterns were present in most parts of the world by the 19th century. Early cinema gives us the knowledge we would never had in the way the technology evolved and the early inventors in the field. In the study of any history, there must be some traceable path of development of the subject matter and so is the history of cinema connected to early cinemas.Advertising Looking for term paper on art and design? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More As early as 1888, Alva Edison posited that, â€Å"I am experimenting upon an instrument which does for the eye what the phonograph does for the ear, which is the recording and reproduction of things in motion† (Robinson 138). In this line Edison invented his favorable phonograph and as his initial point, the model of a cylinder was not so promising and so Edison resorted to using a strip of transparent film, a technology borrowed from Marey from Europe. By 1892, two great innovations had been made by Edison namely; Kinetograph, which was used to record images and the Kinetoscope, which was used to view them. But it was soon after that the machines were making a lot of money and he realized that some inventions were threatening their business. This was Edison’s first invention to get into commercial and it fared very well and this can be evident from his statement quoted here, that; We are making these peep show machines and selling a lot of them at a good profit. If we put out a screen machine there will be a use for maybe ten of them in the whole United States. With that many screen machines you could show the pictures to everyone in the country – and then it would be done. Let’s not kill the goose that lays the golden eggs. (Robinson 39) Lumià ¨re brothers on the other side of Europe are credited for inventing the motion picture and this followed many pioneers who made numerous contributions during that time. The significance of these inventions in the early times is the seeking of knowledge which could be advanced today to produce more accomplished inventions. The knowledge of early cinema can help those who take film production career especially in the designing and making of films. For example, it was from the early cinema that Henri Langlois recreated movies and from them he won an honorary award in 1974. Langlois showed different early films every night and those who liked his films were amazed at his programming ability. Langlois had films from the Nazis, which he recovered and refined them and he invented from early films a job which no one thought of before. Therefore, early cinema can be very helpful in enriching today’s entertainment and infor mation industry thus significant to cinema historians. The phantom of the Cinematheque reveals Langlois’ quest for the art form which resembles Lumià ¨re’s shadows (Robinson 39). Moreover, it was Adre Bazin who prospected that film has its foundation in photography and thus possesses the realistic aspect of it. Therefore, he believes that film; as in early cinema, has the ability to capture the real world. This makes us see the sense in the fact that early films captured the reality of the time more than anything else. The study of the history of film therefore enables students of cinema history to capture the reality of the world when they were being made. Since history reflects many common social aspects which have been carried to today, it is possible to reflect the reality of yesterday in today’s communication and entertainment. This cannot happen without the availability of the early cinema as well as their study.Advertising We will write a custom ter m paper sample on The significance of early cinema for our study of the history of the cinema specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In conclusion, early cinema cannot be taken lightly in their contribution of today’s film industry. The cinema has evolved from Lumià ¨re brothers, to Cohn Brothers and by today we have seen Hollywood give rise to Bollywood and the technology is still in the way of its growth to high heights. Therefore, the inventions of early cinema were more than just a technology at that time and it came along centuries leaving strong foundations. The film industry, which is leading in offering entertainment, information and education, could not have the way it is today were it not for the efforts of the inventors of cinema. Most of the materials which are incorporated into the film today can be traced back in the cinema error and they act to enrich each other. This could not have been possible without the knowledge of early cinema innovations. Early cinema therefore plays a significant role not only in the study of the history of cinema but also in its assessment, appreciation and adoption. Work Cited Robinson, David. Realising the vision: 300 years of cinematography, in Cinema: the Beginnings and the future, edited by Cristopher Williams. London: University of Westminster Press, 1996. Print. This term paper on The significance of early cinema for our study of the history of the cinema was written and submitted by user Ethan M. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

William BlakeS Relevance To The Modern World Essays - Free Essays

William BlakeS Relevance To The Modern World Essays - Free Essays William BlakeS Relevance To The Modern World William Blakes Relevance to the Modern World William Blake, who lived in the latter half of the eighteenth century and the early part of the nineteenth, was a profoundly stirring poet who was, in large part, responsible for bringing about the Romantic movement in poetry; was able to achieve remarkable results with the simplest means; and was one of several poets of the time who restored rich musicality to the language (Appelbaum v). His research and introspection into the human mind and soul has resulted in his being called the Columbus of the psyche, and because no language existed at the time to describe what he discovered on his voyages, he created his own mythology to describe what he found there (Damon ix). He was an accomplished poet, painter, and engraver. Blake scholars disagree on whether or not Blake was a mystic. In the Norton Anthology, he is described as an acknowledged mystic, [who] saw visions from the age of four (Mack 783). Frye, however, who seems to be one of the most influential Blake scholars, disagrees, saying that Blake was a visionary rather than a mystic. 'Mysticism' . . . means a certain kind of religious techniques difficult to reconcile with anyone's poetry, says Frye (Frye 8). He next says that visionary is a word that Blake uses, and uses constantly and cites the example of Plotinus, the mystic, who experienced a direct apprehension of God four times in his life, and then only with great effort and relentless discipline. He finally cites Blake's poem I rose up at the dawn of day, in which Blake states, I am in God's presence night & day, And he never turns his face away (Frye 9). Besides all of these achievements, Blake was a social critic of his own time and considered himself a prophet of times to come. Frye says that all his poetry was written as though it were about to have the immediate social impact of a new play (Frye 4). His social criticism is not only representative of his own country and era, but strikes profound chords in our own time as well. As Appelbaum said in the introduction to his anthology English Romantic Poetry, [Blake] was not fully rediscovered and rehabilitated until a full century after his death (Appelbaum v). For Blake was not truly appreciated during his life, except by small cliques of individuals, and was not well-known during the rest of the nineteenth century (Appelbaum v). Blake lived during a time of intense social change. The American Revolution, the French Revolution, and the Industrial Revolution all happened during his lifetime. These changes gave Blake a chance to see one of the most dramatic stages in the transformation of the Western world from a somewhat feudal, agricultural society to an industrial society where philosophers and political thinkers such as Locke, Franklin, and Paine championed the rights of the individual. Some of these changes had Blake's approval; others did not. One example of Blake's disapproval of changes that happened in his time comes in his poem London, from his work Songs of Experience. In London, which has been described as summing up many implications of Songs of Experience, Blake describes the woes that the Industrial Revolution and the breaking of the common man's ties to the land have brought upon him (Mack 785). For instance, the narrator in London describes both the Thames and the city streets as chartered, or controlled by commercial interests; he refers to mind-forged manacles; he relates that every man's face contains Marks of weakness, marks of woe; and he discusses the every cry of every Man and every Infant's cry of fear. He connects marriage and death by referring to a marriage hearse and describes it as blighted with plague. He also talks about the hapless Soldier's sigh and the youthful Harlot's curse and describes blackening Churches and palaces running with blood (London). London and many of Blake's other works dealing with a similar theme, particularly those from the Songs of Experience, strike a particular nerve for those who are living in a society where the cost of living compared with income is steadily increasing, where AIDS, Ebola, and

Team Development Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Team Development - Assignment Example ve communication in business depends on a feedback cycle, which encompasses listening to the message, speaking and confirming that whatever has been heard is what was intended to be passed across. Parties that get engaged in communication that is highly interactive often make use of the feedback cycle to reach decisions that are mutually beneficial (Yukl, 2010). When communication is carried out in the organization across different levels, the time frame, and type of the feedback cycle can influence the overall effectiveness of that organization. Leaders of a company who spend some time to pinpoint their most operational, organizational communication form often take lead in the most effective teams in the organization (Boynton & Fischer, 2005). In such manner, team players that acclimatize their styles of communication to align with those of their leaders usually achieve more than peers who have a disparity in modes of speaking and writing. Organizations that have been labeled to be the most effective usually manage to hit a balance between communication and action to prevent them from falling into a phenomenon known as ‘analysis paralysis.’ Communicator type of team players is basically process oriented. They are effective facilitators of conflict resolution, involvement, feedback, consensus building, and they are good listeners. They also help create an informal relaxed climate (Thompson, 2008). In many cases, communicators are â€Å"people person,† meaning he stands with the majority, and they sometimes see the process as the means to an end in itself. They avoid confronting other team members and may not even put a lot of emphasis on making advancement towards the objectives set by the team (Lencioni, 2002).. They are considerate, relaxed, supportive tactful and enthusiastic. Their positive attributes are that they have the voice of the majority. Because of their figure, they are better heard and listened to by people. They are also very enthusiastic

Proposal for development of home automation industry Research

For development of home automation industry - Research Proposal Example The customers will react positively by purchasing given products. The system designed by the firm should ensure security within given parameters is enhanced and at the same time reduced cost incurred while providing security to given homestead. The management should focus in providing products that will enhance security and simplify then manner in which individuals interact with their environments. This should keep in mind the firm’s ultimate goal of maximizing profits while ensuring customer satisfaction. There are social considerations while offering a given service and the firm should consider integrating social concepts to their profit maximizing goals. The project should be rolled immediately to avoid new entries into the market that would jeopardize the viability of the product. The market changes thus the firm should utilize the available opportunities within the market to attain their objectives. The long term goals would realized once the firm overcomes the first stages of the project. The acceleration of home automation would depend on the nature in which firms present their product to the market. The proposal would indicate the means the firm would use to ensure satisfaction. Affordability and simplicity of home-automated devices has made it possible for many homes to adapt the system in their day-to-day application. There is the connection between device usage and its immediate environment. Designers have managed to integrate various applications to portable devices such as the Smartphone and tables. There is need to integrate various technological appliances in order to simplify life. Concern of potential users will be whether the systems could affect negatively on their way of life. Most devices concentrate on the simplicity and compatibility of a given device but ignore the actual purpose of any automated device. The major concern of automated devices is the cost that is associated with its usage and installation. Users

Four Forms of Participant Observation: Ethical Issues

Four Forms of Participant Observation: Ethical Issues Introduction I have no great quickness of apprehension or witmy power to follow a long and purely abstract of thought is very limited (but) I am superior to the common run of men in noticing things which easily escape attention, and in observing them carefully Charles Darwin, Preface to The Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals Participant observation (PO) is one of the more fruitful methodological approaches to studying crowd behavior in the normal society. Obviously, PO includes two main parts, there are participating and observing. Form the first moment people was born, it already been used. People use observation to watch the world around them and try to participant in it, in other words, people grow up in company with participating and observing. There are two main aspects in this assignment as well. The first aspect is to explain the context and identification of Participant Observation; in second aspect, I will focus on the ethics and reactivity of the four forms which is outlined in Norris work. In this part, I will combine the fourfold categorisation which developed by Gill and Johnson (2002) with the four roles mentioned in Norris work, and then conclude my own ideas about the ethics and reactivity in PO research. What is Participant Observation? Participant Observation is a qualitative method with the roots in traditional ethnographic research. PO is the researcher attempts to participate fully in the lives and activities of subjects and thus become a member of their group, organization or community. This enables researchers to share their experiences by not merely observing what is happening but also feeing it (Gill and Johnson 2002:144). Form this identification, it is not difficult to find out that PO is not only a sample data collection as questionnaire; it is also an insider. When researchers doing their task, as Delbridge and Kirkpatrick (1994:37) notes that PO means immersion in the research setting, with the objective of sharing in peoples lives while attempting to learn their symbolic world. The mean process of Participant Observation is to understand and feel peoples subtle behavior in normal lives and attempt to learn their symbolic world. So just making sense about some basic role of human behavior or observing those behaviors is not the key point of PO, PO process include more than just observe, it also has data collection and note-taking and so on. To be honest, according to Bryman (1989): many definitions of ethnography and participant observation are difficult to distinguish form each other. Speaking in theory, Ethnography is a holistic research. MaCall and Simmons define ethnography as:some amount of genuine social interaction in the field with the subjects of study, some direct observation of relevant event, some formal and a great deal of informal interviewing, some systematic counting, some collection of documents and artefacts; and open-endedness in the direction the study takes. So that is why I said that PO is a qualitative method with the roots in traditional ethnographic research in the beginning. In other words, PO is included in ethnography research. Ethnography literally means a portrait a people. An ethnography is a written descriptions of particular culture - the customs, beliefs, and behavior based on information gathered through fieldwork (Marvin Harris and Orna Johnson, 2000). So the ethnography is a multidi sciplinary research including intensive language and culture learning, intensive study of a single field or domain, and a blend of historical, observational, and interview methods. The four forms of PO outlined in Norris work Norris work considered to some ethical considerations on Field-Work in the context of his own research on police culture. Covert research vs. Overt research Cover research takes place in the situation that public are not aware of the people as a researcher and the researcher process, the researchers conceal themselves to the public. On the contrary, overt research take place in the situation that researchers reveal the true identity of themselves to the public and let the experimenters know the process and purpose of research even let them know the potential risk of research. However, the distinction between overt and covert research is not evident. There is a case provided by Glucksman (1994), who in the 1970s left her academic post to work on a factory assembly line to explore the reasons why feminism appeared not to be relevant to working-class women. In a sense, she was a covert observer, but her motives for the research were primarily political and she says that, at the time she was undertaking the research, she had no intention of writing the book that subsequently appeared and that was published under a pseudonym (Cavendish 1982). After the books publication, it was treated as an example of ethnographic research. Every research method has the merit and demerit, so the cover and overt research are not exception. The merits and demerits of both forms conclude three main points: reactivity, ethics and access. For covert research, one of the merit aspects is the reactivity is not a problem, using the covert research could reduce the reactivity of experiments, because they are not aware of being researched. The less reactivity research got, the more validity core data gathered. The other merit aspect of covert research is easy to access. Because of the stealth of PO practice, people do not know the person conducting the study is a researcher. Therefore, they are less likely to adjust their behavior because of the researchers presence. (Alan Bryman and Emma Bell, 2003:320). The demerit of covert research is the ethical problems. The process of research is undercover; some researches focus on some privacy of peoples behavior, so research gathered data without the experiment granted during the research. The experimenters do not get the right of informed consent as well, the ethical problems such as violation of the principle of privacy happened inevitably. For the overt research, ethics is a prominent merit compared with covert research. Using overt research could give the experiment sufficient right to understanding the purpose and process of the study and the potential risk they possibly faced with. But the demerit of overt research also very obvious. The access can be arduous and timely even may not be granted; the high degree of reactivity to the research is not good to the validity of data collection. Characteristics of Four Forms of PO According to Norris work, Van Mannen divided the PO process into four parts, there are SPY, VOYEUR, FAN, MEMBER. The divide of those four forms depend on two dimensions, there are active and passive. Actually, those four roles in Norris work developed by Van Mannen on PO research is the some thing as Gill and Johnsons fourfold categorization of PO, there are complete participant, complete observer, observer as participant and participant as observer. SPY is identified by Van Mannen as active and covert type. It is the same meaning as complete participant in Gill and Johnsons fourfold categorization. The complete participant role sees you as the researcher attempting to become a member of the group in which you are performing research (Saunders, M. et al., 2008). The research concealed their true identity and purpose of research to public. During the research process, researcher will participant in the group and gain trust from he or her colleagues and make friend with experimenters. Doing like that could reduce the researchers access without too many problems of gather core data and take notes more easily. As Norris said: when observer excused himself to the toilet, hurriedly to scribble down notes, he felt like the Spy. VOYEUR is a covert and passive type which is mentioned in Norris work, it is a complete observer role as well. Norris said in his work: When observer deliberately placed in a position to overhear private conversations between officers, observer would feel like a Voyeur. The complete observer is the role that researcher have any communication with people. For example, one observer wants to research the proportion of green bag using when people shooing in the supermarket. What he or she would do is just one thing: having a seat near the exit of the supermarket or check-out counter, gather the number of people who was carrying a green bag in hand when they finished shopping , and then written a recorddown on the notebook. In this observing process, no participant taken by the researchers and no reactivity reflected by the customers. FAN is an overt and passive type defined by Van Mannen, Gill and Johnson called this type as observer as participant role. In this role, the researchers seems like an interviewer. As Norris said: When observer was attending incidents on the street, passively listening and watching, he was the Fan. this role has less participant and more observation. The researchers reveal themselves to public; people are not remained under cover. MEMBER is identified by Van Mannen as active and overt type. It was called participant as observer in Gill and Johnsons findings. The participant as observer is similar as complete participant, just the complete participant is the cover role, and MEMBER is the overt role. In this role the person reveals his or her purpose as a researcher. So in this process, the researchers should make more efforts on gaining trust form their colleagues and take part in the group actively. In Norris work, when I was left guarding a prisoner, introduced as a fellow police officer, or helped in the arrest of a violent and disturbed drug-user, I was, to all intents and purpose, cast in the role of a police officer. This role may be leads to another advantage which concluded in Robsons study: this is that key informants are likely to adopts a perspective of analytic reflection on the processes in which they are involved. (Robson, 2002) According to the analysis of those four roles outlined in Norris work, I concluded that it has no clear boundary among those four roles. The distinction of those four roles depends on the degree of participating and observing. So it is more likely to a subjective method that could be inflected by some factors such as the individuals willing or extent of reactivity and so on. Reactivity Principles in four forms It has different degree of reactivity in different roles. SPY type and VOYEUR type both are the cover research, so it has low extent of reactivity in those two types. In another side as well as the overt research role- MEMBER and FAN, the high degree of reactivity took place. As it is mentioned before, the low degree of reactivity took place, the high validity of core data gathered. Reactivity presents a threat to the internal and external validity of PO research. In the covert research, the experimenters are unaware of the research process, so their behavior which researchers want to observe is the unvarnished behavior; this is a key point of gather validity data by the researchers. In the overt research, this advantage which in the cover research is disappeared. When the experimenters know the researchers true identity and process of research, they will raise the level of alertness on the researcher and then make decision. Even if the experiment grants to participant, their behavior will not be the same as the unvarnished behavior. Ethical principles in four forms There are a number of ethical problems should to be considered during the process of one research. Every research methods will meet the ethical problems including the PO. In Norris work, three main principle of ethics of the research role outlined: informed consent, the invasion of privacy and the trust and deceit. Informed Consent The doctrine of informed consent is the general principle has been used to justify taking an ethical view of the behavior of social research. Informed consent is a legal right which given to the person who was invited to participate in social research activities. The right include the experimenters should be told by the researcher about a clear appreciation and understanding of the facts, implications and future consequences of the research, including the potential risks within this research. After they know the whole thing, they also have the right to decide whether they will cooperate or participant. The voluntary consent of the human subject is absolutely essential. This means that the person concerned should have legal captivity to give consent, should be so situated as to exercise free power of choice, without the intervention of any elements of force, fraud, deceit, duress, overteaching or any other ulterior form of constraint or conversion; and should have sufficient knowledge and comprehension of the elements of the subject matter involved as to enable him to make an understanding and enlightened decision. (Homan, 1991:69; see also Katz et al., 1972:292-306). For instance, the informed consent always be used in the medical experiments. Before a surgery or other kinds of medical treatments to be taken, the signed consent form is required. the patients must understand the potential risks of the treatment an decide whether they will grant or not. The invasion of privacy Bulmer has written: To insinuate oneself into a particular setting on false pretences in order to gather material for research violates the rights of the individual to be let alone, to control his personal space, and information about himself (1982:219). People have the right of protecting their own privacies; infringing peoples privacy is an unethical act. But using covert research in the process of PO, the invasion of privacy is not so easy to be avoided. For example, if a researcher want to investigate peoples anomaly behaviors in normal lives, using covert research is necessary. Because peoples abnormal behaviors usually is private, covert thing. No one would like to share and discuss their anomaly behaviors in public. And we couldnt design an experiment to let people show their anomaly behaviors, so the researcher must use the covert research to observe this object. In this process, the people who was observed by researcher is in the situation that his or her privacy were being infringed. But we also have the measures to reduce this ethical problem. Because of the definition of privacy is depended on individuals, someones mind is not open enough to share their privacy to others, but someone not. In other words, in modern society, the privacy becomes a commodity which could be sold and bought. This ethical also could be reduced by changing the covert situation to the overt situation as well. Researcher should make friends with the experiment and gain their trust, and then tell them about the researchers true identity and purpose of the research and get their permit. Although it is likely to be a little time consuming, but it is a good way to access in the settings and practice PO research without guilty. The trust and deceit In theory, trust and deceit is the opposite side in social activities, but they are not the absolutive opposite side in social research, especially in PO research. Although the researchers have the obligation to tell the unvarnished truth to the experiment, but think about this question: Do doctors tell the truth to dying patients? Sometimes the truth-telling has not benefits to the healthy and safety in terms of experimenters rather than access and data collection in terms of researchers. Conclusion Participant Observation as a qualitative method plays an important role in society. Since crowd behavior takes place in a context of social activities, PO may involve having to take sides to gather data. In this assignment, the distinction of ethnography and PO research is not distinctness. They have a closed relationship between each other. After introduction of ethnography and PO, the next session in this assignment as well as the main part focuses on the four roles outlined in Norris work. Norris analyses some ethical considerations on field- work with police by using the four forms of PO research. The roles divided according to the covert and overt research, covert research and overt research are the basic approaches in PO. So as to explaining the four roles more comprehensive, the Gill and Johnsons findings are used as well. In the second session, the reactivity and ethics as the main two aspects are anglicized in detail by several points from different angles. Participant Observation perhaps is the earliest method in the world. However, the participant observation was not lost its own glory because of its ancient. Although the modern technology and research methodology develop in a high speed, Participant Observation is still the most basic commonly method which could continue being used in the future. References: Bryman, A. (1989) Research Methods and Organisation Studies. London: Unwin Hyman. Bryman, A. and E. Bell (2003) Business Research Methods, Oxford : Oxford University Press. Darwin, Charles (1872) The expression of the emotions in man and animals, London: John Murray, pp.374 Delbrige, R. and Kirkpatrick, I. (1994) Theory and practice of participant observation, in V.Wass and P.Wells (eds) Principles and Practice in Business and Management Research, Aldershot: Dartmouth, pp.35-62 Ditton, J. (1977), Part-Time Crime: An Ethnography of Fiddling and Pilferage (London: Macmillan). Gill, J. and Johnson, P. (2002) Research Methods for Managers (3rd edn). London: Sage Gilbert, N. (1993) Researching Social Life (3rd edn). London: Sage. Harris, M. Johnson, O. (2000). Cultural Anthropology, (5th ed.), Needham Heights, MA: Allyn and Bacon. Homan, R. (1991) The Ethical of Social Research. London: Pearson Education. Saunders, M. et al. (2008) Research Methods for Business Students (5th ed.) Harlow : Financial Times Prentice Hall Robson, C. (2002) Real World Research: A Resource for Social Scientists and Practitioner-Researchers (2nd edn). Oxford: Blackwell. Norris, C. (1993) Some ethical considerations on field-work with the police, in Hobbs, D. and May, T. (1993) Interpreting the field : accounts of ethnography.

Odysseuss Qualities in The Odyssey :: Homer

In the Odyssey by Homer, Odysseus must face many obstacles on his journey. He is only able to conquer them because of his wonderful qualities. He meets, a Cyclopes, Sirens, a six-headed monster, a regurgitating whirlpool, and a group of greedy, lovesick men. Some Odysseus's more important qualities are, determination, cunning, and protecting. One of Odysseus's many qualities is determination. He remains determined throughout the entire saga to get back to his family. During Odysseus's Odyssey he encounters many obstacles, beast, god, and nature. Odysseus must get through all of these hardships before he can make it back to his family and home. On his way back Odysseus is next to Charybdis and she swallows his boat. He must holds on to the branches of a fig tree to survive, "But I clung grimly, thinking my mast and keel would come back to the surface when she spouted. And ah! How long, with what desiree, I waited! Till, at the twilight hour...the long poles at last reared from the sea"(12.560-64). Odysseus shows his determination to get home, because it would be easy for him to just let go and drown, but no Odysseus hangs on so he can see his wife again. Once he is at home he finds suitors at his house. Odysseus kills one of them and the others beg for mercy, ??Not for the whole treasure of your fathers, all you enjoy, la nds, flocks, or any gold put up by others, would I hold my hand??(22.65-67). Odysseus is determined to get revenge on all of the suitors and he will not be satisfied until they are all dead. Without his strong will and determination Odysseus would not have made it through his trials. Although determination is a must for a journey such as Odysseus?s cunning is also just as essential. Odysseus?s cunning is cardinal to his survival and that of his men. He uses his cunning to get them out of several unpleasant situations. When they are captured by the Cyclops, he can not use the strength of his men to escape, so he must use his cunning to free them. He lies and tricks the Cyclops to get out, ??My name is Nohbdy: mother, father, and friends, everyone calls me Nohbdy?? (9.397-99). This clever deception stops the other Cyclops from helping Polyphemos helping them to escape. Odysseus also shows his cleverness when he returns to Ithaca.

Message to Garcia Synopsis Essay

The message to Garcia describes the average human mindset, action and reactions toward a given task. Many men and women from past to present want work, status, money and reputation; but feel work is not needed. It describes not all but many situations pertaining to people having lack of initiative. In this book Elbert Hubbard states people on average will ask one or many question about the task being given to them. How I do it, where can I find it, who can I get to help, what time does it have to be done; are all examples. People get lazy and complacent, instead of getting some initiative and finding out the answers to their questions themselves. Message to Garcia isn’t saying every task has to be accomplished but, rather ideations of how problems could be solved through statistics and opinions. Many situations Hubbard has explained have facts about men and woman in today’s society. How many times have we heard â€Å"Go take this to†¦Ã¢â‚¬  and the person being tasked asks multiple questions about the task the he himself could very well find. By asking questions the employer or task giver is being held up from completing other tasks he has been issued, to explain to this person where, when, why, how. In a lot of cases today, by the time we have completed explaining the task; we ourselves could’ve completed it. By no means is Hubbard expressing to us readers we shouldn’t task out our subordinates but do our jobs as well. On the other hand he is also elaborating on his belief no matter the details, many or few, the task should be done when given to. I feel Message to Garcia was trying to get a point across to us readers; that many of us desire great things but, in order to achieve great things we must do great works. We cannot want and not give anything; little effort will bring little fortune. I don’t believe the book is trying to tell us how we should go about our business day to day, yet allowing us to ponder ideas on how to eradicate these issues. Make pragmatic decisions during tasks given rather than giving up early or not doing it at all. By giving our undivided attention to our job, and not stopping until it is complete or no other outcome is possible to accomplish it. I believe everybody plays a role in a job; it is everyone’s duty to do their part and not pass it to another person or not complete it. When we all do our jobs an elliptical motion continues, rolling smoothly.

Immanuel Kant s Ethical Theory - 1527 Words

Omar Chaudhary Assignment 1 GNED 212 Sec 011 Tuesday 12:30PM-3:20PM In society today it is challenging to assess whether one s actions are just and whether we can truly make the right decision based on any ethical framework. An ethical structure such as Universalism, is most often associated with Immanuel Kant. Immanuel Kant was a philosopher of German descent, who lived from 1724- 1804 and was most notable for his work in ethics. Kant suggest that one should assess whether an act is right or wrong by weighing if it is honest, fair , respectful and just. Due to Immanuel Kant s frustration with the current ethical structures of his era, or lack thereof, he formulated his own based on his rational. Kant proposed a categorical imperative, which is based on either hypothetical or categorical. The first imperative which is categorical, In Immanuel Kant s words is Act only on that maxim whereby thou canst at the same time will that it should become a universal law . He asserts the consequences of an act are of no importance as the moral judgment is contai ned within the act itself. If the act is inherently just you would be able to apply it universally. An example of this would be to lie to avoid hurting one s feelings, this would not be acceptable under Kant s universalism as the act of lying would be considered inherently wrong if it were applied globally. Secondly Kant suggested the hypothetical imperative which in Kant expressed as â€Å"So act as to treatShow MoreRelatedImmanuel Kant s Ethical Theory1111 Words   |  5 PagesPart A Utilitarianism Utilitarianism is a normative ethical theory. According to Bentham, the utilitarian principle discloses that the action of morally right when it promotes the maximum happiness for a majority of the citizens (Dion, 2012, p. 10). Therefore, utilitarianism can be expressed by, the greatest good for the highest number. 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